下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文-Outsourcing of Enterprises,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了企业的外包。目前,较为流行的一种价值链的管理提倡将企业价值链中价值较小的环节进行外包。而外包的关键,就是将自己不擅长的和价值创造最小的业务由外部承接,实现企业整体价值的增值。但在实践中,企业对于非核心业务的判断并不明晰,一般会认为企业的物流属于非增值环节,倾向于将其外包。
essay代写范文
The key to outsourcing is to take the business which is not good at and the least value creation from the outside and realize the value increment of the whole enterprise.
外包的关键是把不擅长的业务和最少的价值创造从外部带走,实现整个企业的价值增值。
At present,the management of a more popular value chain advocates outsourcing the less valuable parts of the enterprise value chain.Nike,for example,focuses on research and development and marketing,while leaving manufacturing to low-cost shoemakers that are constantly changing,first in Japan,Western Europe,South Korea,and then in Chinese Taipei,China and India.It can be seen from such a route that the profit-driven capital has been looking for the lowest-cost outsourcing strategy.It was the cost of labor that determined shoemaking,so Nike eventually moved manufacturing to China,where labor costs were low.Of course,if China enters an era of high welfare benefits and labor costs are similar to those in developed countries,for example:when it is cheaper to drive a car than to take a taxi,then Nike's processing plant will move at that time!Such outsourcing of production is based on the satisfaction of manufacturing quality and low cost.
目前,比较流行的价值链管理主张外包企业价值链中价值较低的部分。例如,耐克专注于研发和营销,同时将制造业留给不断变化的低成本制鞋商,首先是日本、西欧、韩国,然后是中国台北、中国和印度。从这样一条路径可以看出,利润驱动的资本一直在寻找成本最低的外包策略。正是劳动力成本决定了制鞋,所以耐克最终将制造业转移到了中国,那里的劳动力成本很低。当然,如果中国进入一个高福利和劳动力成本与发达国家相似的时代,例如:当开车比坐出租车便宜时,耐克的加工厂将在那时搬迁!这种生产外包是以满足制造质量和低成本为基础的。
In addition,there are many virtual enterprises,such as the famous children's clothes of parkland,which do not make children's clothes themselves,but focus on design.
此外,还有很多虚拟企业,比如公园里著名的童装,它们不是自己制作童装,而是专注于设计。
The key to outsourcing is to take the business which is not good at and the least value creation from the outside and realize the value increment of the whole enterprise.In fact,China's state-owned enterprise reform has made good use of this strategy.The former state-owned enterprises are large and complete,with hospitals,primary schools and so on.It is like a small society.Under such circumstances,how can we expect elephants to dance?Therefore,the most important part of the reform of state-owned enterprises is the fire.This is typical of outsourcing what you are not good at.It is through this practice that soes focus on operation and regain their vitality.
外包的关键是把不擅长的业务和最少的价值创造从外部带走,实现整个企业的价值增值。事实上,中国的国有企业改革也充分利用了这一战略。原国有企业规模大,配套齐全,有医院、小学等。它就像一个小社会。在这种情况下,我们怎么能指望大象跳舞呢?因此,国有企业改革的最重要的部分就是火灾。这是典型的外包你不擅长的。正是通过这一实践,国有企业才得以重振经营活力。
What corresponds to outsourcing is that the enterprise extends to the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain to achieve synergistic effect,reduce cost and realize value-added.So how should companies choose between outsourcing and integration?
与外包相对应的是企业延伸到产业链的上下游,实现协同效应,降低成本,实现增值。那么,企业应该如何在外包和集成之间做出选择呢?
Generally speaking,large monopolistic enterprises tend to integrate the industrial chain.Due to the advantages of capital,they improve the monopoly power of the market through controlling various resources.In order to enter the highly competitive market,some small enterprises choose to focus on their core competitive projects.Gain a share of the market through the transcendence or differentiation of core advantages.Of course,this core competitiveness of enterprises is to be recognized and accepted by consumers.
一般来说,大型垄断企业倾向于整合产业链。由于资本的优势,它们通过控制各种资源来提高市场的垄断能力。为了进入竞争激烈的市场,一些小企业选择了专注于其核心竞争力项目。通过超越或区分核心优势,获得市场份额。当然,企业的核心竞争力也要得到消费者的认可和认可。
However,in practice,the enterprise's judgment on non-core business is not clear,and it is generally believed that the enterprise's logistics is a non-value-added link,which tends to be outsourced.But such standards are not universal.Joyo,for example,has its own logistics and aims to meet customer needs to the maximum extent possible.Compared with traditional shopping,e-commerce has a convenient feature.You can order the goods you want without leaving the house,but there are also defects,that is,you cannot get the goods in the first time.Therefore,excellence works on logistics,because logistics is the only opportunity to meet customers face to face.At present two big net buys the book website,dangdang and outstanding are not equal in the purchase operation interface,so only then in the logistics,the warehouse up and down efforts.That is to maximize the variety and delivery speed to meet consumers.It can be seen that customer satisfaction is the primary criterion for excellence in non-core business.By the same token,should companies that are engaged in everyday consumer goods use this as a standard for judging non-core businesses?Therefore,management is really an art,not a pure science.The situation of the enterprise is very different,the simple imitation must not be.
但在实践中,企业对非核心业务的判断并不明确,一般认为企业的物流是一个非增值环节,往往是外包的。但这些标准并不普遍。例如,Joyo有自己的物流,其目标是最大限度地满足客户需求。与传统购物方式相比,电子商务具有便捷的特点。你可以在不离开房子的情况下订购你想要的货物,但也有缺陷,也就是说,你不能在第一时间拿到货物。因此,卓越致力于物流,因为物流是面对面的唯一机会。目前两大网购书网站,当当与未成交在采购操作界面上并不平等,所以只有在物流、仓库上下努力。这是为了最大限度地提高品种和交货速度,以满足消费者的需求。可以看出,客户满意度是衡量非核心业务卓越性的主要标准。同样地,从事日常消费品的公司是否应该将其作为判断非核心业务的标准?因此,管理实际上是一门艺术,而不是纯粹的科学。企业的情况是很不一样的,简单的模仿是不能的。
Vanke,the industry's leader,has been a firm enforcer of this strategy,an outsourcing enthusiast.Everything is outsourced except"brand","design"and"manufacturing".The industry also has the opposite"alien"-country garden.Country garden implements"the integration",will design,the building construction,the decoration,the property management all USES own pattern,even has own battlefield,the cement factory,the brick and tile factory and the vegetable garden realizes the cost control successfully.We can see that companies with different strategies are equally successful.But why?First of all,there are many reasons for vanke to adopt business outsourcing.In my opinion,the main reason is that after the large-scale expansion of vanke,its control power and capital demand are challenged.Therefore,wang shi came up with the idea of outsourcing.And proposed that the new benchmark of vanke is"Nike".I think the selection of this benchmark is not considered.As mentioned above,the quality of daily consumer goods will not become the bottleneck of manufacturers of daily consumer goods after fierce competition.Industry entry threshold is low,in addition to quality,customers also value style and comfort.As a sneaker,the function is also the focus of consumers.Therefore,Nike has outsourced manufacturing to manufacturers in developing countries with good cost performance and focused on its core competitiveness:research and development and brand.Cut off from the red sea and enter the blue sea.Vanke benchmarking as"Nike"do not know whether to consider the difference between the house and shoes?People can wear a lot of shoes in their life.As a woman,they may buy three or four pairs of shoes in a year.According to the average age of a woman is 80 years old.But can a person buy more than 100 houses in his lifetime?Don't!So what is the core competitiveness of the real estate industry?Isn't it true that the real estate industry is not suitable for outsourcing?Scholars such as harvard business school professor christensen believe that in the early stages of product development,the product's functions are far from meeting the needs of mainstream customers,when the competition between companies is based on product performance.In this case,integrated companies have more advantages than non-integrated companies because they organize all the links in the value chain under the same roof and can develop products with better performance.However,with the development of technology,product performance has been able to meet the needs of most customers,and companies have focused their competition on convenience,customization,price and flexibility.At this point,vertical integration will become a disadvantage instead of an advantage,so the industry will tend to diverge.Whoever controls the interdependent links in the value chain can make more profits.Interdependencies are areas where companies are still trying to meet their customers with better product performance.This conclusion confirms the above views on shoes and houses.Therefore,vanke's outsourcing starts from the challenge of management and capital,rather than the counterbid with Nike.
Let's take another look at the emergence of country garden:what makes it choose the integration strategy?Country garden's core competitiveness is low cost.In the national increasingly unbearable high housing prices,Shouting the slogan"a villa of 500,000 yuan",no doubt in the market earned enough popularity,country garden differentiated to target consumers as not too much money and have a strong desire to buy the white-collar,this group of people for price has considerable sensitivity.As a result of low cost advantage,promote country garden to hit extremely competitive price.An integrated strategy is a boon for low costs.But integration requires a high degree of control.Country garden is a typical family business,carrying out Yang guoqiang's paternalistic vertical management,control is quite strong.
From the above comparative analysis,we can see that the choice of outsourcing strategy needs to consider many factors such as market,consumer,enterprise scale,enterprise development stage and so on.Even in the same industry,the choice of outsourcing strategy is different due to the diversity of enterprises.
Since there are so many elements to consider when choosing an outsourcing strategy,let's take the most intuitive approach--let the financial Numbers speak for themselves.The consideration based on cost reduction has limitations,and the"profit"indicator can be considered for consideration.Why use the accounting word"profit"?Because,it is possible that the simple cost reduction brings about the quality reduction,and then the profit reduction.For example,if the enterprise is more professional after outsourcing,it is actually considering the level of"profit".If the outsourced business is done more professionally and brings greater value to the enterprise,even if the cost is increased,the income is higher,and the final result is big"profit",then the business should be outsourced.
There are also limitations in the consideration of"profits".After all,"profits"represents only"short-term achievements",and cannot realize the long-term dynamic measurement of the enterprise after the decision.Because,every year business profit account will be cleared.For example,consumers will be attracted by the quality improvement brought by outsourcing.The agglomeration of consumers is a long process.
It seems that it is really necessary to consider carefully whether the outsourcing of business should be done or not.Can the method of introducing cash flow discount in finance be used as an experiment?This is the author of an idea,believe that the test of practice,the answer will be clear.
For companies,whatever strategy they choose,they have to choose the best,not the most popular,not the most western.